Why do pets have nosebleeds 

01. Pet nosebleeds

Nasal bleeding in mammals is a very common disease, which generally refers to the symptom of ruptured blood vessels in the nasal cavity or sinus mucosa and flowing out of the nostrils. There may be many reasons that can cause nosebleeds, and I often divide them into two categories: those caused by local diseases and those caused by systemic diseases.

Local causes generally refer to nasal diseases, the most common of which are nasal trauma, collisions, fights, falls, contusions, tears, foreign body punctures in the nose area, and small insects entering the nasal cavity; Next is inflammatory infections, such as acute rhinitis, sinusitis, dry rhinitis, and hemorrhagic necrotic nasal polyps; Some are also induced by dental diseases, such as gingivitis, dental calculus, bacterial erosion of the cartilage between the nasal cavity and oral cavity, leading to nasal infections and bleeding, known as mouth and nose leakage; The last one is nasal cavity tumor, which has a higher incidence rate in elderly dogs.

Systemic factors, commonly found in circulatory system diseases such as hypertension, liver disease, and kidney disease; Hematological disorders, such as thrombocytopenic purpura, aplastic anemia, leukemia, polycythemia, and hemophilia; Acute febrile diseases, such as sepsis, parainfluenza, kala azar, and so on; Nutrient deficiency or poisoning, such as vitamin C deficiency, vitamin K deficiency, phosphorus, mercury and other chemicals, or drug poisoning, diabetes, etc.

02. How to distinguish types of nosebleeds?

How to distinguish where the problem lies when encountering bleeding? First, look at the shape of the blood, is it pure blood or blood streaks mixed in the middle of nasal mucus? Is it accidental one-time bleeding or frequent and frequent bleeding? Is it unilateral bleeding or bilateral bleeding? Are there any other parts of the body such as bleeding gums, urine, abdominal congestion, etc.

Pure blood often appears in systemic factors such as trauma, foreign body injuries, insect invasion of the nasal cavity, hypertension, or tumors. Will you check if there are any injuries, deformations, or swelling on the surface of the nasal cavity? Is there any respiratory obstruction or nasal congestion? Is there any foreign body or tumor detected by X-ray or nasal endoscopy? Biochemical examination of liver and kidney diabetes, as well as coagulation examination.

If there is nasal mucus, frequent sneezing, and blood streaks and mucus flowing out together, it is more likely to be inflammation, dryness, or tumors in the nasal cavity. If this problem always occurs on one side, it is also necessary to check whether there are gaps in the gums on the teeth, which can lead to the occurrence of an oral and nasal fistula.

03. Diseases causing nosebleeds

The most common nosebleeds:

Nasal trauma, previous experience of trauma, foreign body penetration, surgical injury, nasal deformity, cheek deformity;

Acute rhinitis, accompanied by sneezing, thick purulent nasal discharge, and nosebleeds;

Dry rhinitis, caused by a dry climate and low relative humidity, with a small amount of nosebleeds, itching, and repeated rubbing of the nose with claws;

Foreign body rhinitis, sudden onset, persistent and intense sneezing, nosebleeds, if not treated in a timely manner, may result in persistent sticky nasal mucus;

Nasopharyngeal tumors, with viscous or purulent nasal discharge, may first cause bleeding from one nostril, followed by both sides, sneezing, difficulty breathing, facial deformities, and nasal tumors are often malignant;

Elevated venous blood pressure is commonly seen in emphysema, chronic bronchitis, pulmonary heart disease, mitral stenosis, and when coughing violently, the nasal veins open and become congested, making it easy for blood vessels to rupture and bleed. The blood is often dark red in color;

Elevated arterial blood pressure, commonly seen in hypertension, arteriosclerosis, nephritis, unilateral bleeding, and bright red blood;

Aplastic anemia, visible pale mucous membranes, periodic bleeding, physical weakness, wheezing, tachycardia, and decreased whole blood red blood cells;

Thrombocytopenic purpura, purple bruising on the skin and mucous membranes, visceral bleeding, difficulty in stopping bleeding after injury, anemia, and thrombocytopenia;

Generally speaking, if there is a single nasal bleeding and no other bleeding in the body, there is no need to be overly anxious. Continue to observe. If the bleeding persists, it is necessary to find the cause of the disease for treatment.